Antiretroviral drugs are now available in developing countries at a moderate cost. People living with HIV can live almost normal lives if provided with and adhering to treatment. HIV has shifted from a medical issue to a financial issue: in poor and high-prevalence countries, commitments to increase access to antiretroviral treatment create a huge fiscal liability. In this research, I study how domestic and international financing can be used to meet this liability.

Through primary data collection, this project explores the conditions under which refugees can become self-sufficient and make positive economic contributions to their host states and societies.

Our research is interdisciplinary, combining economics, anthropology, history, and political science. We collect original qualitative and quantitative data, and often draw upon a range of participatory methods, including working with refugee researchers.

Technological innovation is a key element of industrialisation and catch-up in developing countries. Since innovation is costly, risky and path-dependent, groundbreaking innovation is highly concentrated in a few rich countries and amongst a small number of firms. Foreign sources of technology account for a large part of productivity growth in most countries.